These courses span the D1 and D2 years and serve as a transition to Clinical Professionalism in the D3 and D4 years. These quarterly courses contain no formal class sessions or written examinations. The courses monitor and evaluate student dentists' relationships with their peers, faculty, and staff and their professional conduct. The course grading philosophy assumes a professional behavioral norm in which all encounters and personal interactions are handled appropriately and professionally. Each student dentist begins the course with 100 points. Points are deducted if there are departures from the norm of excellent interactions with peers, faculty, and staff, and professional conduct.